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D
Deniz SalıncakEst. 2000
Glossary

Material, care and shipping terms

Short, verifiable definitions of the terms used in our guides and product documents. Each definition links to the page that covers it in detail.

Iroko

Iroko is a hardwood from the Milicia excelsa tree, which grows in the tropical belt of West and Central Africa. With a density of about 660 kg/m³, natural silica content and EN 350 Class 1-2 natural durability, it is used outdoors without chemical impregnation. It sits in the same use class as teak, hence the name 'African teak'. All our swing frames are 100% solid iroko.

Milicia excelsa

Milicia excelsa is the botanical name of the tree species that yields iroko timber; older literature lists it as Chlorophora excelsa. It grows naturally in the tropical belt from Sierra Leone to Tanzania, including Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon and the Congo basin. Mature trees reach 30-50 metres, and the long branch-free trunk gives long, knot-free timber. Product documents name the species this way.

Cameroon (timber origin)

Cameroon is the harvest country of the iroko timber used in our swings. The timber is bought from an FSC-certified timber supplier. On file are the certificate of origin, the supplier invoice and the supplier’s chain-of-custody certificate. The swing is made in Türkiye, so Türkiye is the country of production; the harvest country is stated separately in the EUDR data pack for EU buyers.

EN 350 natural durability class

EN 350 is the European standard that classifies how well untreated wood resists fungal and insect attack. Class 1 is the most durable band. Iroko is rated Class 1-2 under EN 350, which means it can be used outdoors without chemical preservatives. The class gives buyers a measurable basis for comparing timbers instead of relying on marketing language.

Kiln-dried timber

Kiln-dried timber is wood whose moisture has been reduced in a controlled drying kiln. Compared with air drying, the moisture content is more even, so the finished wood moves less through humidity cycles and the risk of cracks and gaps is lower. The iroko used in our swings arrives kiln-dried, and this is recorded in the quality file.

Italian teak oil

Italian teak oil is a penetrating finish made of natural plant oil blended with a UV inhibitor. It forms no film on the surface: the wood breathes, and there is no layer to peel or crack. On our swings it is applied in three stages. Care means refreshing the oil once a year; in strong sun an optional light coat can be added in autumn.

Varnish vs oil

Varnish vs oil is the difference between a finish that forms a film and a finish that penetrates the wood. Varnish leaves a hard layer on top; outdoors it cracks and yellows under UV and humidity cycles and must be sanded back to renew. Oil soaks into the fibres, leaves no film and is simply refreshed. That is why our swings are never varnished.

UV inhibitor

A UV inhibitor is an ingredient added to an oil to slow the colour change that sunlight causes on a wood surface. It is part of our Italian teak oil. Iroko does not break down structurally in the sun; the UV inhibitor delays the shift to silver-grey seen on unprotected wood, keeping the warm tone longer. Each yearly oil refresh renews the effect.

Patina

Patina is the surface colour wood acquires over time through sun and weather. Iroko left unprotected turns a silver-grey patina over the years. This is not damage but a cosmetic choice: the structure and strength of the wood do not change, and the grey decks of teak boats show the same effect. Owners who prefer the warm tone keep up the yearly teak-oil refresh.

Solution-Dyed Olefin

Solution-Dyed Olefin is an outdoor fabric whose colour is added while the fibre is being made; the colour sits inside the fibre rather than on the surface. Our cushions use 100% Solution-Dyed Olefin: light-fastness 7-8 under ISO 105-B02, water-repellent, antibacterial and a breathable weave. Covers wash at 30°C on a delicate cycle; the filling is silicone fibre.

Light-fastness (ISO 105-B02)

Light-fastness is how well a fabric’s colour resists fading under light. ISO 105-B02 is the international test method that measures this with an artificial light source, scoring results on a 1-8 scale where 8 is the highest. Our cushion fabric rates 7-8 in this test, which places it in the top class for outdoor cushions used in direct sun.

Adjustable backrest (5 positions)

An adjustable backrest is a seat back that locks into several fixed angles with a mechanical lock. All our models have five positions: Conversation, Reading, Rest, Recline and Hammock. Backrest angle, seat depth and tilt change together, and in the last position the swing becomes a bed. You move between positions with a single lever and a stainless mechanical lock.

Load capacity (400 kg)

Load capacity is the total weight a swing frame is designed to carry safely. The frame geometry of the Mihenk 2400 is calculated for four people and 400 kg. Fixings are corrosion-resistant stainless hardware, and a concealed joint design means no bolts are visible from outside. The same capacity figure appears on the product page and in the quality file.

Canopy

A canopy is the cover fixed to the top frame of a swing that shades the seat. It blocks sun and light rain and reduces direct sun exposure for the cushions and the people sitting on them. On the Mihenk 2400 the canopy measures 211 × 134 cm and the overall height is 195 cm. When planning a space, take the canopy footprint and ceiling height into account together.

Porch swing / veranda swing

Porch swing, veranda swing, terrace swing and balcony swing name the same product by where it stands: a free-standing swing seat with a canopy that needs no floor fixing. In British English the category is usually called a garden swing seat or swing bench; in the US, a porch swing. The difference is space: a terrace or porch needs about 320 × 200 cm of free area with swing clearance and a 220 cm ceiling; most enclosed apartment balconies cannot take the 211 cm width, while open balconies of 3 m or more can. The Mihenk 2400 uses the same size in the garden, on a terrace, on a porch or by the pool.

Canopy swing

A canopy swing is a free-standing swing seat with a fabric cover on its top frame that blocks sun and light rain; in German the category is the Hollywoodschaukel. The canopy protects the people and the cushions from direct sun, and the fabric’s colour fastness sets its service life. The Mihenk 2400 canopy is solution-dyed olefin, 211 × 134 cm.

Swing bed

A swing bed is a swing seat whose back reclines in steps until the last position gives a flat lying surface; in German it is searched as Hollywoodschaukel mit Liegefunktion. On the Mihenk 2400 this comes from the 5-position back system: five positions from conversation to lying down, and in the last one the swing becomes a bed. The position system is standard on all our models.

Flat-pack

Flat-pack means furniture is packed as knocked-down parts in flat cartons and assembled on site. Each Mihenk 2400 ships in three flat-pack cartons, about 104 kg and 0.54 m³ in total. Two people assemble it with basic hand tools following the illustrated assembly guide, and all fixings are in the cartons. The same design makes pallet and container shipping efficient.

Carton plan

A carton plan is the list of dimensions and weights of the cartons a product ships in; it helps you check doors, stairs and lifts in advance. The Mihenk 2400 comes in three cartons: frame 211 × 33 × 13 cm (50 kg), seat 178 × 61 × 12 cm (38 kg) and cushions 186 × 61 × 28 cm (16 kg). Weights include packaging.

Incoterms: EXW, FCA, FOB

Incoterms are the standard trade terms that set the delivery point and who pays which costs in international sales. Under EXW your forwarder collects the goods at the factory. Under FCA the goods are handed to your carrier with export clearance done. Under FOB the goods are loaded onto the vessel at a Turkish port. These three are standard for wholesale; CIF and DAP on request.

A.TR movement certificate

The A.TR movement certificate is the document showing that industrial goods are in free circulation under the Türkiye–EU Customs Union. For furniture shipped to the EU with an A.TR, the EU importer pays no customs duty. Our export shipments travel with a commercial invoice, packing list and illustrated assembly guide, together with an A.TR or certificate of origin.

EUDR (EU 2023/1115)

The EUDR is Regulation (EU) 2023/1115, which governs placing deforestation-linked products on the EU market. Seats with wooden frames are in scope. The EU importer files the due-diligence statement; species, harvest country, plot geolocation and legality data come from the supply chain. It applies to large and medium operators from 30 December 2026. We are preparing this data with our timber supplier.

FSC chain of custody (CoC)

FSC chain of custody (CoC) is the certification that tracks FSC-certified material through each company in a supply chain; to make an FSC claim on a product, every link in the chain needs its own certificate. Our timber supplier is FSC-certified. Deniz Salıncak does not hold its own CoC certificate, so we do not use the FSC logo on our products.

Gelibolu

Gelibolu is the district of Çanakkale Province, Türkiye, where our swings are made. Our factory is in Gelibolu; the Mihenk 2400, Lavinya 2100, Almila 2800 and Bespoke are produced there, and visits are possible by appointment. The company was founded in Istanbul in 2000, and the showroom is in Başakşehir, Istanbul. Product documents state the place of production as Gelibolu, Çanakkale, Türkiye.

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Last updated: 1 October 2026